There are four psychological primary colours - red, blue, yellow and green. They relate respectively to the body, the mind, the emotions and the essential balance between them. Colours can cause both positive and negative emotions. The psychological properties of the eleven basic colours are as follows: red, blue... to see more, click HERE...
Graphs, Table Charts and Pie Charts
Dear Student,
Open a Word Document and do the following:
1. Find samples (one each) of
graph
table chart
pie chart
2. Copy and paste samples on Word document (choose pictures, copy them on the Word Document).
3. Write brief descriptions of each graph, table chart and pie chart.
4. Explain why they are used.
5. E-mail the Word Document as attachment titled ''Graph, Table Chart and Pie Chart'' to your teacher.
Open a Word Document and do the following:
1. Find samples (one each) of
graph
table chart
pie chart
2. Copy and paste samples on Word document (choose pictures, copy them on the Word Document).
3. Write brief descriptions of each graph, table chart and pie chart.
4. Explain why they are used.
5. E-mail the Word Document as attachment titled ''Graph, Table Chart and Pie Chart'' to your teacher.
Story 5
Read the following story and prepare to discuss in class:
The Last Leaf
By O Henry
(Abridged and adapted)
Two young women lived in an apartment on the third floor of a building. Their names were Sue and Johnsy. They were artists. Their apartment was located in the Greenwich Village area of New York. Many artists lived in this area. They liked this area very much.
In November the weather became very cold and the dangerous disease pneumonia started spreading. It killed many people.
Johnsy was lying in bed. She was sick and felt very weak. She had pneumonia. When she looked from her bed through the small window of her apartment, she saw the side of the house next to her building. There was an old tree near the window, in front of the house.
One morning a doctor came to see how Johnsy was and to examine her. After he had seen her the doctor spoke with Sue in another room, "Your friend has made up her mind that she's not going to get well. In fact, she has one chance in ten to live," the doctor said, as he looked at the thermometer. "And that chance is for her to want to live. But it seems to me that she does not want to live. Has she anything on her mind?"
"She - she wanted to paint the Bay of Naples in Italy some day," said Sue.
"Paint? - Bosh! Has she anything on her mind worth thinking twice about - a man for instance?"
"A man?" said Sue. "Is a man worth - but, no, doctor; there is nothing of the kind."
"Well" said the doctor, "I will do all that medical science can do. But if she feels so sad and pessimistic, it will be very difficult for her to get better."
When the doctor left, Sue cried for a while. Then she wiped her tears and went into Johnsy's room with her drawing board, whistling and smiling.
Johnsy was lying on her bed, hardly moving under the bedclothes, with her face toward the window. Sue stopped whistling, thinking she was asleep. She arranged her painting board and began a pen-and-ink drawing to illustrate a magazine story.
When Sue heard a low sound, repeated several times, she went quickly to the bedside. Johnsy's eyes were open wide. She was looking out of the window and counting - counting backward.
"Twelve," she said, and a little later "eleven"; and then "ten," and "nine"; and then "eight" and "seven", almost together.
Sue looked out of the window. What was there to count? There was only a lifeless yard to be seen, and the empty side of the house. An old tree was in front of the wall. There were not many leaves left on the tree. "What is it, dear?" asked Sue.
"Six," said Johnsy, in almost a whisper. "They're falling faster now. Three days ago there were almost a hundred. It made my head ache to count them. But now it's easy. There goes another one. There are only five left now."
"Five what, dear? Tell me please."
"Leaves. On the tree. When the last one falls I must go, too. I must die. I've known that for three days. Didn't the doctor tell you?"
"Oh, I never heard of such nonsense," answered Sue angrily. "What have old tree leaves to do with you getting well? And you used to love that tree so. Don't be silly. The doctor told me this morning that your chances of getting well soon were - let's see exactly what he said - he said the chances were ten to one! Try to take some soup now. I will go back to my room to continue drawing. Later I will buy some food for us."
"You needn't get any more food," said Johnsy, keeping her eyes fixed on the tree outside the window. "There goes another. No, I don't want any soup. There are just four left now. I want to see the last one fall before it gets dark. Then I'll go, too."
"Johnsy, dear," said Sue, bending over her, "will you promise me to keep your eyes closed, and not look out of the window until I have finished working? I must finish those drawings by tomorrow. I need the light, or I would draw the shade down."
"Couldn't you draw in the other room?" asked Johnsy, coldly.
"I'd rather be here by you," said Sue. "I don't want you to keep looking at those silly leaves."
"Tell me as soon as you have finished," said Johnsy, closing her eyes, and lying white and still, "because I want to see the last one fall. I'm tired of waiting. I'm tired of thinking. I want to go down, down, just like one of those poor, tired leaves."
"Try to sleep," said Sue. "I must call our friend Behrman to come up to be my model for the drawing. I'll come back soon. Don't try to move until I come back."
Old Mr Behrman was a painter who lived on the ground floor. He was over sixty years old, with a long beard. Behrman was not a good artist. He was actually a failure in art. For several years he had painted nothing except a few advertisements for businesses. He earned a little money by serving as a model to those young artists who did not have enough money to pay for a professional model.
Sue entered Mr Behrman’s room. She told him about Johnsy. She said she was afraid that her friend would die like a leaf of the tree near the house.
Old Behrman became angry when he heard Sue’s words. "Are there people in the world with the foolishness to die because leaves drop off a tree? Why do you let such silly ideas come into her brain? Oh, poor little Miss Johnsy."
"She is very ill and weak," said Sue, "and the pneumonia has left her mind full of strange ideas."
"It is not good when such nice people like Miss Johnsy lie sick," said Behrman. "One day I will paint a masterpiece, and we shall all go away."
Johnsy was sleeping when Sue and Mr Behrman went upstairs. Sue covered the window of Johnsy’s room. Then they went into another room. As they entered they looked out of the window at the tree near the wall. Then they looked at each other for a moment without speaking – the last leaf had fallen. The weather was bad, and a cold rain was falling, mixed with snow.
When Sue awoke next morning she saw Johnsy with wide-open eyes looking at the covered window.
"Uncover the window. I want to see," she ordered, in a quiet voice.
Sue uncovered the window. There was one leaf on the tree. It was the last one.
"It is the last one," said Johnsy. "I thought it would fall during the night. I heard the wind. It will fall today, and I shall die at the same time."
"Dear, dear!" said Sue, "think of me, if you won't think of yourself. What would I do if you went?"
But Johnsy did not answer. Deep in her mind she was preparing for her last journey.
Early next morning Johnsy again asked Sue to uncover the window. The leaf was still on the tree in front of the wall. Johnsy lay for a long time looking at it. And then she called to Sue, who was cooking her some chicken.
"I've been bad," said Johnsy. "Something has made that last leaf stay there to show me how bad I was. It is a sin to want to die. Please bring me a little soup now and some milk too. Please bring me a hand-mirror first, and then put some pillows about me, and I will sit up and watch you cook." An hour later she said, "Sue, some day I hope to paint the Bay of Naples."
The doctor came in the afternoon to see Johnsy, and as he was leaving Sue asked him how Johnsy was.
"Even chances," said the doctor, taking Sue's thin, shaking hand in his. "With good nursing you'll win." And now I must see another case I have downstairs - Behrman, his name is - some kind of an artist, I believe. Pneumonia, too. He is an old and weak man. There is no hope for him; he will die soon, and he will go to the hospital today.
The next day the doctor came to see Johnsy, and as he was leaving he said to Sue: "She's out of danger. You won. She needs good food and care now - that's all."
That afternoon Sue came to the bed where Johnsy lay.
"I have something to tell you," she said. "Mr. Behrman died of pneumonia today in the hospital. He was ill only two days. He was found the morning after you thought the final leaf would fall. His shoes and clothing were wet and very cold. They couldn't imagine where he had been on such a cold night. And then they found a lamp still lit, and a ladder; and some art supplies. Green and yellow colors were mixed on a painting board. Look out the window, dear, at the last leaf on the tree – it’s actually painted on the wall behind the tree. Didn't you wonder why it never moved when the wind blew? Ah, darling, it's Behrman's masterpiece - he painted it there the night that the last leaf fell."
Abridged and adapted from the original version:
The Last Leaf, by O Henry
http://www.eastoftheweb.com/short-stories/UBooks/LasLea.shtml
The Last Leaf
By O Henry
(Abridged and adapted)
Two young women lived in an apartment on the third floor of a building. Their names were Sue and Johnsy. They were artists. Their apartment was located in the Greenwich Village area of New York. Many artists lived in this area. They liked this area very much.
In November the weather became very cold and the dangerous disease pneumonia started spreading. It killed many people.
Johnsy was lying in bed. She was sick and felt very weak. She had pneumonia. When she looked from her bed through the small window of her apartment, she saw the side of the house next to her building. There was an old tree near the window, in front of the house.
One morning a doctor came to see how Johnsy was and to examine her. After he had seen her the doctor spoke with Sue in another room, "Your friend has made up her mind that she's not going to get well. In fact, she has one chance in ten to live," the doctor said, as he looked at the thermometer. "And that chance is for her to want to live. But it seems to me that she does not want to live. Has she anything on her mind?"
"She - she wanted to paint the Bay of Naples in Italy some day," said Sue.
"Paint? - Bosh! Has she anything on her mind worth thinking twice about - a man for instance?"
"A man?" said Sue. "Is a man worth - but, no, doctor; there is nothing of the kind."
"Well" said the doctor, "I will do all that medical science can do. But if she feels so sad and pessimistic, it will be very difficult for her to get better."
When the doctor left, Sue cried for a while. Then she wiped her tears and went into Johnsy's room with her drawing board, whistling and smiling.
Johnsy was lying on her bed, hardly moving under the bedclothes, with her face toward the window. Sue stopped whistling, thinking she was asleep. She arranged her painting board and began a pen-and-ink drawing to illustrate a magazine story.
When Sue heard a low sound, repeated several times, she went quickly to the bedside. Johnsy's eyes were open wide. She was looking out of the window and counting - counting backward.
"Twelve," she said, and a little later "eleven"; and then "ten," and "nine"; and then "eight" and "seven", almost together.
Sue looked out of the window. What was there to count? There was only a lifeless yard to be seen, and the empty side of the house. An old tree was in front of the wall. There were not many leaves left on the tree. "What is it, dear?" asked Sue.
"Six," said Johnsy, in almost a whisper. "They're falling faster now. Three days ago there were almost a hundred. It made my head ache to count them. But now it's easy. There goes another one. There are only five left now."
"Five what, dear? Tell me please."
"Leaves. On the tree. When the last one falls I must go, too. I must die. I've known that for three days. Didn't the doctor tell you?"
"Oh, I never heard of such nonsense," answered Sue angrily. "What have old tree leaves to do with you getting well? And you used to love that tree so. Don't be silly. The doctor told me this morning that your chances of getting well soon were - let's see exactly what he said - he said the chances were ten to one! Try to take some soup now. I will go back to my room to continue drawing. Later I will buy some food for us."
"You needn't get any more food," said Johnsy, keeping her eyes fixed on the tree outside the window. "There goes another. No, I don't want any soup. There are just four left now. I want to see the last one fall before it gets dark. Then I'll go, too."
"Johnsy, dear," said Sue, bending over her, "will you promise me to keep your eyes closed, and not look out of the window until I have finished working? I must finish those drawings by tomorrow. I need the light, or I would draw the shade down."
"Couldn't you draw in the other room?" asked Johnsy, coldly.
"I'd rather be here by you," said Sue. "I don't want you to keep looking at those silly leaves."
"Tell me as soon as you have finished," said Johnsy, closing her eyes, and lying white and still, "because I want to see the last one fall. I'm tired of waiting. I'm tired of thinking. I want to go down, down, just like one of those poor, tired leaves."
"Try to sleep," said Sue. "I must call our friend Behrman to come up to be my model for the drawing. I'll come back soon. Don't try to move until I come back."
Old Mr Behrman was a painter who lived on the ground floor. He was over sixty years old, with a long beard. Behrman was not a good artist. He was actually a failure in art. For several years he had painted nothing except a few advertisements for businesses. He earned a little money by serving as a model to those young artists who did not have enough money to pay for a professional model.
Sue entered Mr Behrman’s room. She told him about Johnsy. She said she was afraid that her friend would die like a leaf of the tree near the house.
Old Behrman became angry when he heard Sue’s words. "Are there people in the world with the foolishness to die because leaves drop off a tree? Why do you let such silly ideas come into her brain? Oh, poor little Miss Johnsy."
"She is very ill and weak," said Sue, "and the pneumonia has left her mind full of strange ideas."
"It is not good when such nice people like Miss Johnsy lie sick," said Behrman. "One day I will paint a masterpiece, and we shall all go away."
Johnsy was sleeping when Sue and Mr Behrman went upstairs. Sue covered the window of Johnsy’s room. Then they went into another room. As they entered they looked out of the window at the tree near the wall. Then they looked at each other for a moment without speaking – the last leaf had fallen. The weather was bad, and a cold rain was falling, mixed with snow.
When Sue awoke next morning she saw Johnsy with wide-open eyes looking at the covered window.
"Uncover the window. I want to see," she ordered, in a quiet voice.
Sue uncovered the window. There was one leaf on the tree. It was the last one.
"It is the last one," said Johnsy. "I thought it would fall during the night. I heard the wind. It will fall today, and I shall die at the same time."
"Dear, dear!" said Sue, "think of me, if you won't think of yourself. What would I do if you went?"
But Johnsy did not answer. Deep in her mind she was preparing for her last journey.
Early next morning Johnsy again asked Sue to uncover the window. The leaf was still on the tree in front of the wall. Johnsy lay for a long time looking at it. And then she called to Sue, who was cooking her some chicken.
"I've been bad," said Johnsy. "Something has made that last leaf stay there to show me how bad I was. It is a sin to want to die. Please bring me a little soup now and some milk too. Please bring me a hand-mirror first, and then put some pillows about me, and I will sit up and watch you cook." An hour later she said, "Sue, some day I hope to paint the Bay of Naples."
The doctor came in the afternoon to see Johnsy, and as he was leaving Sue asked him how Johnsy was.
"Even chances," said the doctor, taking Sue's thin, shaking hand in his. "With good nursing you'll win." And now I must see another case I have downstairs - Behrman, his name is - some kind of an artist, I believe. Pneumonia, too. He is an old and weak man. There is no hope for him; he will die soon, and he will go to the hospital today.
The next day the doctor came to see Johnsy, and as he was leaving he said to Sue: "She's out of danger. You won. She needs good food and care now - that's all."
That afternoon Sue came to the bed where Johnsy lay.
"I have something to tell you," she said. "Mr. Behrman died of pneumonia today in the hospital. He was ill only two days. He was found the morning after you thought the final leaf would fall. His shoes and clothing were wet and very cold. They couldn't imagine where he had been on such a cold night. And then they found a lamp still lit, and a ladder; and some art supplies. Green and yellow colors were mixed on a painting board. Look out the window, dear, at the last leaf on the tree – it’s actually painted on the wall behind the tree. Didn't you wonder why it never moved when the wind blew? Ah, darling, it's Behrman's masterpiece - he painted it there the night that the last leaf fell."
Abridged and adapted from the original version:
The Last Leaf, by O Henry
http://www.eastoftheweb.com/short-stories/UBooks/LasLea.shtml
Story 4
Read the following story and prepare to discuss in class:
The Adventure of the Speckled Band
By Arthur Conan Doyle
(Abridged and adapted)
One early morning the famous detective Mr. Sherlock Holmes woke up his friend Dr. Watson. He told him that a lady whose name was Helen Stoner had come to see him. She looked very unhappy and needed some serious help. She told them the following story.
Helen had become engaged a month ago. Her parents had died and she was living with her stepfather Grimesley Roylott at Stoke Moran. Grimesley belonged to a family that had once been rich. But after a few years his family was no longer rich.
Grimesley was a cruel man. He had worked as a doctor in India for a few years. One day he beat his servant to death. He was sent to prison for that. When Grimesley came out of prison, he decided to go back to England. He brought with him two pets, a wild cat and a monkey.
Helen had a twin sister. Her name was Julia. She died two years ago, just after she was engaged. Nobody knew why she died. The reason of her death was still a mystery. On the night she died, she went to Helen’s bedroom and talked with her for a long time. As Julia had recently become engaged, she had so many things to talk about with her sister.
It was already late evening when Helen came back to her room. Just before leaving, Julia asked Helen if she had ever heard a whistle at night. For several nights, a whistling sound had awakened her. Helen was a heavy sleeper, and she said she had not heard it.
After Julia left her sister's room, she entered her own bedroom and locked the door. After a few minutes, Julia began shouting loudly. Helen went out into the corridor. When she was leaving her room, she heard a low whistle and a metallic sound.
Julia went out into the corridor. She was feeling terrible pain. Before she died, she shouted: "It was the band, the speckled band!". Then she died.
The police came but they did not find out anything. Nobody could have entered the room as Julia had locked the door from the inside. Helen thought that Julia had died of fear.
After her sister’s death, her stepfather decided to make some repairs in Helen’s bedroom. So Helen had to sleep in the same room where her sister had died. During the night Helen heard the same whistle that her sister had heard before her death. She quickly got dressed and came to see Sherlock Holmes.
After listening to Helen’s story, Sherlock Holmes decided to go and to see the house where Julia died. He went to the house with his friend Dr. Watson. When at the house Sherlock Holmes noticed that Helen's room did not need any repairs. He thought that the repairs were an excuse to move Helen into her sister's old bedroom.
Sherlock Holmes also noticed that Julia's bedroom had a ventilator in the wall between her room and her stepfather’s room. In addition, there was a satin rope that led from the ventilator to the bed. Sherlock Holmes noticed that the ventilator and the rope were quite new, and had been put there quite recently, most probably just before the death of Julia. He also noticed another interesting thing. The bed was fixed to the floor. It could not be moved. All these things seemed to be very strange to Sherlock Holmes.
Sherlock Holmes thought that the real reason for the rope and the ventilator was to allow something dangerous to go from Grimesley’s room through the ventilator to the bed and kill the person sleeping there. He thought that the rope was made for a snake to move up and down. As Grimesley had a few pets - a wild cat and a monkey - he might have a snake too – perhaps a poisonous snake.
In nearby Grimesley’s room Sherlock Holmes noticed a safe and a dog-whip with an unusual loop tied in it. He thought that Grimesley might keep the snake in the safe and use the dog-whip to control the snake when it came out of the safe.
Before evening came, Sherlock Holmes told Helen to lock herself into Julia's bedroom and to tell her stepfather that she was ill. When her stepfather went to bed, she communicate this to Holmes and Dr. Watson by opening the window – they were waiting for this signal in the garden of the house. Then she silently left Julia's bedroom to spend the night in her own room. Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson then got into Julia’s room through the window and waited in the darkness.
They were sitting and waiting in the dark room for a long time. Suddenly they heard a hissing sound. And then they heard a whistle. Sherlock Holmes, who was sitting next to the bed, got up, lit a match, and started beating something with his cane. Then, after a short time they heard a terrible cry in the room next to the room they were in.
When Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson entered the room, they saw Helen’s stepfather, Grimesley, dead on the floor. A speckled snake was coiled about his head. It was a very poisonous snake. When Sherlock Holmes had beaten the snake with his cane, the snake had become very angry. It returned to Grimesley’s room through the ventilator and bit its master.
Sherlock Holmes used the dog-whip to return the snake to the safe.
Helen did not want to tell the police about what happened. She did not want people to know about this criminal case. So, Sherlock Holmes did not tell the police what had happened. The police believed that Grimesley had died while playing with a dangerous pet.
Sherlock Holmes explained to Watson that Grimesley had trained the snake to come when he whistled, and by giving it milk as a reward when it followed his orders. If the snake did not bite the girl, he called it back by a whistle and tried again the following night. The metallic sound that Helen had heard on the night of Julia's death had come from the door of the safe. When Grimesley put the snake back into the safe and shut the door of the safe, a metal sound was heard.
Sherlock Holmes also found out why the stepfather killed Julia, and was trying to kill Helen. After consulting with lawyers he found that each sister was to receive 250 pounds from Grimesley when she got married. This meant that Grimesley would lose 500 pounds if both of his stepdaughters got married. Grimesley’s greed had been the reason for killing Julia, and trying to kill Helen.
Story 3
Read the following story (abridged version). Then find the original version of this story and compare it with the abridged version. Prepare to discuss them in class.
The Cop and the Anthem
By O. Henry
(Abridged and adapted)
On his bench in Madison Square in New York, Soapy, a poor homeless man, moved nervously. It had become much colder than before. He was nervous about the coming winter, and how he would manage his life on the streets.
A dead leaf fell off a tree onto Soapy's lap. This was a message – a warning that winter was approaching. This was a message that homeless people should prepare themselves for the coming winter.
Soapy understood that the time has come to prepare for a cold winter. He needed to plan what to do next. So, he nervously moved on his bench.
Soapy did not have a lot of options. He was not rich, so he could not go to a warm place like Italy or Hawaii. Three months in prison on the Island was what he wanted. Three months of food and a bed and friendly company. He would be safe from cold winds and life on the street. This is what he wanted.
The rich people in New York had bought their tickets to go to warm beaches. Soapy too had to make his arrangements. On the previous night three Sunday newspapers had failed to keep him warm on the bench. He looked forward to a small, warm room in the Island prison.
Soapy, having decided to go to the Island, at once set about his plan. There were many easy ways of doing this. He needed to get arrested by the police for committing a crime. The most pleasant way to do this was to eat at an expensive restaurant. Then, when he could not pay for the meal he would be handed to a policeman. A judge in court would do the rest.
Soapy left his bench and walked away from the square. He stopped at a very nice restaurant, where every night you could find the best drinks and food.
Soapy had total confidence in himself. He had shaved, and his coat was clean and he had a nice black tie. If he could reach a table in the restaurant without getting thrown out, success would be his. He would order a roasted duck, a cup of espresso and a cigar. After he finished he would say that he could not pay. Then they would arrest him – the first step to getting into prison.
But as soon as Soapy entered the restaurant, the waiter noticed his dirty trousers and worn out shoes. Strong hands turned him about and pushed him out of the restaurant. There would be no duck.
Disappointed, Soapy walked away. He must think of another way of breaking the law so he could enter the nice, warm jail on the Island.
At a corner of Sixth Avenue Soapy took a stone and threw it at a shop window, breaking it into a thousand pieces. People came running around the corner. A policeman came up to Soapy and asked, "Where's the man who did that?"
"Don't you think that I might have done it?" said Soapy.
The policeman did not even consider the possibility. Men who break windows do not stay around to talk about it with the police. They usually run away as fast as they can. The policeman saw a man some distance away running to catch a taxi. He ran after the man. Soapy, with sadness in his heart, went away. He had been unsuccessful twice!
There was a cheap restaurant on the opposite side of the street. This restaurant served people who wanted to eat a lot, but had little money. It was crowded. At a table he sat and ate steak, doughnuts and a pie. When he finished he told the waiter that he did not have any money to pay for the food. He added:
"Now, do what you have to and call a policeman. Don't keep a gentleman waiting."
"No policeman for you," said the waiter, with a tough voice.
Two waiters threw Soapy onto the dusty sidewalk outside the restaurant. He got up slowly, and beat the dust from his clothes. The prison on the Island seemed very far away. A policeman who stood outside a pharmacy two doors away laughed and walked down the street.
Soapy continued to walk for a little while before he was ready to commit a new crime. This time the opportunity looked very simple. A young and pretty woman was standing in front of a shop window, looking at the goods inside. A large policeman was standing two meters away.
Soapy walked toward the young woman. He smiled at her, and acted in a very rude way. Soapy saw that the policeman was watching him carefully. The young woman moved away a few steps, and continued to look inside the shop window. Soapy followed her and said:
"Hey there sweetheart! Do you want to talk?"
The policeman was still looking. The young woman only needed to look at the policeman and Soapy would be on his way to the Island. The young woman faced him and, extending a hand said:
“Sure, Mike, How about you take me to a coffee shop? I wanted to speak to you earlier but the policeman was watching us."
Greatly disappointed and angry, Soapy walked past the policeman with the woman.
At the next corner Soapy left the woman and ran. He came into a district of restaurants and theaters.
Rich women and men, nicely dressed, walked around. A sudden idea came to Soapy. When he came to another policeman who was standing in front of a theater, he decided that he would try to commit the crime of “disorderly conduct” – behaving in a bad way.
He began to shout. He danced, shouted and talked wildly.
The policeman looked at him, and then turned his back to Soapy and said to a man walking by,
"It’s one of those Yale students celebrating their win in the football against Harvard. They are noisy, but they are harmless. We have been told not to arrest them."
Soapy stopped his noise. He felt disappointed again. Would a policeman never arrest him? The Island seemed like a dream that he could never arrive at.
In a small store he saw a well-dressed man lighting a cigarette. Soapy stepped inside, took the umbrella which was there on a stand and walked off with it slowly. The man who owned the umbrella followed him quickly.
"My umbrella," he said, angrily.
"Oh, is it? Well, why don't you call a policeman? I took it! Look, a policeman is standing on the corner."
The umbrella man slowed down. Soapy did the same. The policeman looked at the two men.
“Of course,” said the umbrella man—“that is—well, you know how these mistakes occur—I—if it's your umbrella I hope you'll excuse me—I picked it up this morning in a restaurant—If you recognize it as yours, why—I hope you'll—”
"Of course it's mine," said Soapy, angrily.
The other man went away, and the policeman turned away.
Soapy walked eastward. He threw the umbrella away. He hated policemen. They seemed to treat him as a king who could do no wrong.
He started walking toward Madison Square towards his bench.
But on a quiet corner Soapy stopped. He saw an old church. He saw a light through the window . An organist was playing some music. Soapy liked the music. He stopped and listened.
The moon was shining beautifully in the sky. There were no people around. There were no cars. And the music that the organist played made Soapy stop. He remembered the days when his life contained family, flowers, ambitions, friends, good thoughts and nice people.
The music made a great change occur within Soapy. He thought with shame of the terrible life he had lived over the past few years: the bad days, dead hopes and wrong decisions.
And his heart responded to this new emotion. An immediate and strong desire moved him to fight against his present lifestyle. He must change it!
He would pull himself out of his sad life. He would make a new man of himself. There was time. He was still young. He could go back to work. This beautiful and sweet organ music had changed his heart and his mind! Tomorrow he would find a job. He could get a job as a driver. He would be somebody in the world. He would—
Soapy felt a hand on his arm. He looked around into the face of a policeman.
"What are you doing here?" asked the officer.
"Nothing," said Soapy.
"Come along with me," said the policeman.
"Three months on the Island, for loitering*" said the judge in the Police Court the next morning.
* loitering - hanging around in a public place where you have no particular purpose.
The above story was abridged and adapted from the original version:
The Cop and the Anthem, by O. Henry
http://www.classicreader.com/book/1757/1/
The Cop and the Anthem
By O. Henry
(Abridged and adapted)
On his bench in Madison Square in New York, Soapy, a poor homeless man, moved nervously. It had become much colder than before. He was nervous about the coming winter, and how he would manage his life on the streets.
A dead leaf fell off a tree onto Soapy's lap. This was a message – a warning that winter was approaching. This was a message that homeless people should prepare themselves for the coming winter.
Soapy understood that the time has come to prepare for a cold winter. He needed to plan what to do next. So, he nervously moved on his bench.
Soapy did not have a lot of options. He was not rich, so he could not go to a warm place like Italy or Hawaii. Three months in prison on the Island was what he wanted. Three months of food and a bed and friendly company. He would be safe from cold winds and life on the street. This is what he wanted.
The rich people in New York had bought their tickets to go to warm beaches. Soapy too had to make his arrangements. On the previous night three Sunday newspapers had failed to keep him warm on the bench. He looked forward to a small, warm room in the Island prison.
Soapy, having decided to go to the Island, at once set about his plan. There were many easy ways of doing this. He needed to get arrested by the police for committing a crime. The most pleasant way to do this was to eat at an expensive restaurant. Then, when he could not pay for the meal he would be handed to a policeman. A judge in court would do the rest.
Soapy left his bench and walked away from the square. He stopped at a very nice restaurant, where every night you could find the best drinks and food.
Soapy had total confidence in himself. He had shaved, and his coat was clean and he had a nice black tie. If he could reach a table in the restaurant without getting thrown out, success would be his. He would order a roasted duck, a cup of espresso and a cigar. After he finished he would say that he could not pay. Then they would arrest him – the first step to getting into prison.
But as soon as Soapy entered the restaurant, the waiter noticed his dirty trousers and worn out shoes. Strong hands turned him about and pushed him out of the restaurant. There would be no duck.
Disappointed, Soapy walked away. He must think of another way of breaking the law so he could enter the nice, warm jail on the Island.
At a corner of Sixth Avenue Soapy took a stone and threw it at a shop window, breaking it into a thousand pieces. People came running around the corner. A policeman came up to Soapy and asked, "Where's the man who did that?"
"Don't you think that I might have done it?" said Soapy.
The policeman did not even consider the possibility. Men who break windows do not stay around to talk about it with the police. They usually run away as fast as they can. The policeman saw a man some distance away running to catch a taxi. He ran after the man. Soapy, with sadness in his heart, went away. He had been unsuccessful twice!
There was a cheap restaurant on the opposite side of the street. This restaurant served people who wanted to eat a lot, but had little money. It was crowded. At a table he sat and ate steak, doughnuts and a pie. When he finished he told the waiter that he did not have any money to pay for the food. He added:
"Now, do what you have to and call a policeman. Don't keep a gentleman waiting."
"No policeman for you," said the waiter, with a tough voice.
Two waiters threw Soapy onto the dusty sidewalk outside the restaurant. He got up slowly, and beat the dust from his clothes. The prison on the Island seemed very far away. A policeman who stood outside a pharmacy two doors away laughed and walked down the street.
Soapy continued to walk for a little while before he was ready to commit a new crime. This time the opportunity looked very simple. A young and pretty woman was standing in front of a shop window, looking at the goods inside. A large policeman was standing two meters away.
Soapy walked toward the young woman. He smiled at her, and acted in a very rude way. Soapy saw that the policeman was watching him carefully. The young woman moved away a few steps, and continued to look inside the shop window. Soapy followed her and said:
"Hey there sweetheart! Do you want to talk?"
The policeman was still looking. The young woman only needed to look at the policeman and Soapy would be on his way to the Island. The young woman faced him and, extending a hand said:
“Sure, Mike, How about you take me to a coffee shop? I wanted to speak to you earlier but the policeman was watching us."
Greatly disappointed and angry, Soapy walked past the policeman with the woman.
At the next corner Soapy left the woman and ran. He came into a district of restaurants and theaters.
Rich women and men, nicely dressed, walked around. A sudden idea came to Soapy. When he came to another policeman who was standing in front of a theater, he decided that he would try to commit the crime of “disorderly conduct” – behaving in a bad way.
He began to shout. He danced, shouted and talked wildly.
The policeman looked at him, and then turned his back to Soapy and said to a man walking by,
"It’s one of those Yale students celebrating their win in the football against Harvard. They are noisy, but they are harmless. We have been told not to arrest them."
Soapy stopped his noise. He felt disappointed again. Would a policeman never arrest him? The Island seemed like a dream that he could never arrive at.
In a small store he saw a well-dressed man lighting a cigarette. Soapy stepped inside, took the umbrella which was there on a stand and walked off with it slowly. The man who owned the umbrella followed him quickly.
"My umbrella," he said, angrily.
"Oh, is it? Well, why don't you call a policeman? I took it! Look, a policeman is standing on the corner."
The umbrella man slowed down. Soapy did the same. The policeman looked at the two men.
“Of course,” said the umbrella man—“that is—well, you know how these mistakes occur—I—if it's your umbrella I hope you'll excuse me—I picked it up this morning in a restaurant—If you recognize it as yours, why—I hope you'll—”
"Of course it's mine," said Soapy, angrily.
The other man went away, and the policeman turned away.
Soapy walked eastward. He threw the umbrella away. He hated policemen. They seemed to treat him as a king who could do no wrong.
He started walking toward Madison Square towards his bench.
But on a quiet corner Soapy stopped. He saw an old church. He saw a light through the window . An organist was playing some music. Soapy liked the music. He stopped and listened.
The moon was shining beautifully in the sky. There were no people around. There were no cars. And the music that the organist played made Soapy stop. He remembered the days when his life contained family, flowers, ambitions, friends, good thoughts and nice people.
The music made a great change occur within Soapy. He thought with shame of the terrible life he had lived over the past few years: the bad days, dead hopes and wrong decisions.
And his heart responded to this new emotion. An immediate and strong desire moved him to fight against his present lifestyle. He must change it!
He would pull himself out of his sad life. He would make a new man of himself. There was time. He was still young. He could go back to work. This beautiful and sweet organ music had changed his heart and his mind! Tomorrow he would find a job. He could get a job as a driver. He would be somebody in the world. He would—
Soapy felt a hand on his arm. He looked around into the face of a policeman.
"What are you doing here?" asked the officer.
"Nothing," said Soapy.
"Come along with me," said the policeman.
"Three months on the Island, for loitering*" said the judge in the Police Court the next morning.
* loitering - hanging around in a public place where you have no particular purpose.
The above story was abridged and adapted from the original version:
The Cop and the Anthem, by O. Henry
http://www.classicreader.com/book/1757/1/
Story 2
Read the following story and prepare to discuss in class:
The Gift of the Magi
The Gift of the Magi
By O’Henry
(Abridged and adapted)
One dollar and eighty-seven cents. That was all. And sixty cents of it was in pennies, the smallest pieces of money. She saved the pennies by negotiating at the vegetable market. Three times Della counted it. One dollar and eighty-seven cents. And the next day would be Christmas.
There was nothing to do except fall down on the little sofa and cry. So Della did so. While she was crying she thought that life was made up of tears and smiles, with more tears than smiles.
Della lived with her husband Jim in a poor flat. They rented it for eight dollars per week and Jim was paid only twenty dollars per week. That was not enough. They did not have money to buy simple things for themselves.
Della finished her crying and dried her face. She stood by the window and looked at a gray cat walking on the fence. Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only one dollar and eighty-seven cents to buy Jim a present. She had been saving every penny she could for months, and could not save more. Twenty dollars a week doesn't go far. They spent more than they had expected. There was only one dollar and eighty-seven cents to buy a present for Jim - her Jim. Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him.
There was a mirror between the windows of the room. She looked at herself in the mirror. Her eyes were shining brilliantly, but her face had lost its color within twenty seconds. Rapidly she pulled down her hair and let it fall to its full length.
There were two possessions which Della and Jim were proud of so much. One was Jim's gold watch (the old type that could hang from a chain) that had been his father's and his grandfather's. The other was Della's hair. Indeed, her hair looked very beautiful.
So now Della's beautiful hair fell about her, moving and shining like a powerful waterfall. It reached below her knee and made itself almost a piece of clothing for her. And then she did it up again nervously and quickly. She was standing and thinking for a minute, and while she was standing and thinking, a tear or two fell down on the carpet.
She quickly put on her coat and her hat, and went out into the street. She stopped outside a shop with a sign which read: "Madame Sofronie. Hair Goods of All Kinds. " She entered the shop.
"Will you buy my hair?" asked Della.
"I buy hair," said the lady. "Take your hat off and let's have a look at it."
The powerful waterfall went down.
"Twenty dollars," said Madame, lifting the mass with a skilful hand.
"Give it to me quick," said Della.
The next two hours went fast. She went to the stores for Jim's present.
She found it at last. It surely had been made for Jim and no one else. There was no other like it in any of the stores. It was a platinum chain simple and plain in design. It was perfect. It would be a perfect match for Jim’s gold watch, which could hang from it. It was like him – with great value. Twenty-one dollars they took from her for it, and she hurried home with the eighty seven cents left to her.
When Della came home she started repairing her hair. Within forty minutes her head was covered with small curls that made her look like a schoolboy. She looked at her reflection in the mirror long, carefully, and critically.
"If Jim doesn't kill me," she said to herself, "before he takes a second look at me, he'll say I look like a schoolgirl. But what could I do--oh! What could I do with a dollar and eighty-seven cents?"
At 7 o'clock the coffee was made and the frying-pan was on the stove hot and ready to cook the dinner.
Jim was never late. Della took the chain and sat on the corner of the table near the door. Then she heard his steps on the stair, and she turned white for just a moment. She had a habit for saying little silent prayer about the simplest everyday things, and now she whispered: "Please God, make him think I am still pretty."
The door opened and Jim stepped in and closed it. He looked thin and very serious. Poor fellow, he was only twenty-two--and had to look after his family! He needed a new coat and he was without gloves.
Jim stopped inside the door. His eyes were fixed upon Della. There was an expression in his eyes that she could not read. This worried her. It was not anger, nor surprise, nor terror, nor any of the feelings that she had been prepared for. He simply looked at her directly with a strange expression on his face.
Della stood up and went to him.
"Jim, darling," she cried, "don't look at me that way. I had my hair cut off and sold because I couldn't have lived through Christmas without giving you a present. It'll grow out again. I just had to do it. My hair grows very fast. Say ‘Merry Christmas!’ Jim, and let's be happy. You don't know what a nice -- what a beautiful, nice gift I've got for you."
"You've cut off your hair?" asked Jim, slowly and carefully, as if his brain had not worked hard enough to accept the facts.
"Cut it off and sold it," said Della. "Don’t you like me just as well, anyhow? I’m me without my hair, right?" I’m the same Della as I was before.
Jim looked about the room in a strange way.
"You say your hair is gone?" he said.
"You needn't look for it," said Della. "It's sold, I tell you--sold and gone, too. Be good to me, because I did it for you. Maybe the hairs of my head were numbered," she went on with sudden serious sweetness, "but nobody could ever count my love for you. Shall I start cooking dinner, Jim?"
Jim took a package from his coat pocket and threw it upon the table.
"Don't make any mistake about me, Dell," he said. "I don't think there's anything in the world that could make me like my girl any less. But if you'll open that package you will see why I was silent when I entered the room."
Della’s white fingers quickly opened the package. And then she gave a scream of joy; and then – tears; and Jim was trying to calm her.
Inside the package were beautiful combs made of expensive jewels. The combs that she had always wanted to have. She had seen these combs in a window of an expensive Broadway store.
She held them close to her heart. Then she looked up at Jim with a smile and said, "My hair grows so fast, Jim!"
And then Della jumped up like a little burned cat and cried, "Oh, oh!"
Jim had not yet seen his beautiful present. She gave it to him with a happy smile on her face. The chain looked so bright and attractive.
"Isn't it great, Jim? I looked for it everywhere. You'll have to look at the time a hundred times a day now. Give me your watch. I want to see how it looks on it."
Instead of obeying, Jim sat down on the sofa, put his hands under the back of his head and smiled.
"Dell," said he, "let's put our Christmas presents away and keep them for some time. They're too nice to use just at present. I sold the watch to get the money to buy your combs. And now, let’s start cooking dinner."
Wise men brought gifts to the Baby Jesus. They started the tradition of giving Christmas presents. Being wise, their gifts were no doubt wise ones too. And here I have told you the amazing story of two foolish children in a flat who unwisely sold the greatest treasures of their home. However, in many ways these two young people were also wise – each gave what they treasured most for the one they most loved.
Abridged and adapted from the original version:
The Gift of the Magi, by O'Henry
Story 1
After Twenty Years
By O. Henry
(Abridged and adapted)
People often say that friendship lasts forever. In this story O. Henry tells about the friendship between Bob and Jimmy. The two friends grew up in New York like two brothers. They arrange to meet after twenty years of separation.
The policeman moved up the road slowly and looking important. Looking important was his habit and not for show, for there were not many people watching him. The time was nearly 10 o'clock at night and the streets were almost empty because of the strong wind and rain, which had forced most people to stay at home.
Testing whether doors were locked as he went along, moving his club and looking from time to time at everything around him, the police officer looked a fine sight. The area was one that kept early hours. From time to time, you might see the lights of a store or of an all-night restaurant. However, the majority of the doors belonged to business places that had been closed hours before.
In the middle of a certain street, the policeman suddenly slowed his walk. In the dark doorway of a hardware store a man was standing, with a cigar in his mouth. As the policeman walked up to him the man spoke up quickly.
“It's all right, officer,” the man said, in a confident manner. “I'm just waiting for a friend. It's an appointment that we made twenty years ago. Sounds a little funny doesn't it? Well, I'll explain if you'd like to be sure everything is alright. About twenty years ago there used to be a restaurant where this store stands now— ‘Big Joe’ Brady's restaurant.”
“Yes, until five years ago, it was here,” said the policeman. “Joe Brady's restaurant was pulled down five years ago.”
The man in the doorway lit his cigar. In the light the policeman saw that the man’s face was pale, and square, with sharp eyes. There was a little white scar near the man’s right eye. The man was wearing a scarf and the ends of the scarf were held together by a gold pin. There was a large shining and sparkling diamond in the centre of the pin.
“Twenty years ago tonight,” said the man, “I ate dinner here at ‘Big Joe’ Brady's with Jimmy Wells, my best friend, and the finest person in the world. He and I grew up together. We were raised here in New York, and we were as close as two brothers. I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty. The next morning I was going to leave for the Western part of America to make my fortune. But you couldn't have pulled Jimmy out of New York. He thought that New York was the best place on earth. Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what happened, whatever our conditions might be or no matter how far we had to travel. We thought that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.”
“That sounds very interesting,” said the policeman. “Rather a long time between meets, though, it seems to me. In fact, twenty years is a long time to wait before getting together. Have you heard from your friend since you parted?”
“Well, yes, for a time we wrote letters to each other,” said the other. “But after a year or two we stopped writing and we did not keep in touch after that. You see, the West is a pretty big, and I was very busy. But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he's alive, for he always was the truest, most reliable person in the world. He'll never forget. I came a thousand miles to stand at this door tonight, and it's worth it if my old friend shows up.”
The waiting man pulled out a beautiful watch. The policeman saw that the hands of the watch were made of small diamonds.
“It’s three minutes to ten,” the waiting man said. “It was exactly ten o'clock when we parted here at the restaurant door twenty years ago.”
“You did very well out there in the West, didn't you?” asked the policeman.
“Sure did! I hope Jimmy has done half as well. He was not as bold as I was, though, good man though he was. I've had to compete with some of the smartest people in the world in order to become rich. I managed to make a lot of money. You have to be quite smart to do well in New York, but out West I learned how to be very smart".
The policeman walked back a few steps.
“I'll be on my way now. I need to go. I hope that your best friend comes around all right. How long are you going to wait for him if he does not arrive?”
“I will wait!” said the man from the West. “I'll wait for him half an hour at least. If Jimmy is alive on earth he'll be here by that time. So long, officer”
“Good-night, sir,” said the policeman, passing along the street, testing the doors as he went.
The rain was falling lightly, and the wind had become stronger. The few people who were out on the street hurried along in their thick coats and with their hands in their pockets. And in the door of the hardware store stood the man who had come a thousand miles to keep an appointment with the friend of his youth. He smoked his cigar and waited.
He waited about twenty minutes. After twenty minutes passed, a tall man in a long coat hurried across from the opposite side of the street. Most of his face was covered by his scarf. The tall man went directly to the man waiting at the door.
The tall man asked doubtfully, “Is that you, Bob?”
“Is that you, Jimmy Wells?” shouted the man who was standing at the door. "I knew you would come, and here you are!"
“Bless my heart!” shouted the tall man, throwing his arms around the other man. “It's Bob, for sure. I was certain I would find you here if you were still alive. Well, well, well!—twenty years is a long time. The old restaurant's gone, Bob. I wish it had lasted, so we could have had another dinner there now. How has the West treated you?”
“The West treated me well. It has given me everything I wanted to have. You have changed a lot, Jimmy. I never thought you were so tall. You look two or three inches taller than you were at the time when I saw you last.”
“Oh, I grew a bit taller after I was twenty.”
“Are you doing well in New York, Jimmy?”
“I am doing OK. I have a good job in one of the New York City departments. Come on, Bob. We'll go to a place I know, and have a good long talk about old times.”
The two men started to walk up the street, arm in arm. The man from the West felt happy about his successful life. He started telling his success story to his friend. He talked about his life in the West and his history. The other man, covering his face with his scarf, listened with interest.
At the corner of the street there was a store, with very bright electric lights. When they came into these lights, each of them turned at the same time to look at the other's face.
The man from the West stopped suddenly and released the other man's arm.
“You're not Jimmy Wells,” he said in a sad voice. “Twenty years is a long time. However, twenty years’ time is not long enough to change the shape of a nose. Your nose is not Jimmy’s nose.”
“Twenty years sometimes changes a good man into a bad one,” said the tall man. “You've been under arrest for ten minutes. Chicago police thought you may have arrived in New York. They sent us a message telling us that they want to talk with you. Now, walk quietly, please. Don’t try to run away. Be reasonable. Before we go to the police station here's a letter I was asked to give you. You may read it here at the window. It's from Police Officer Jimmy Wells.”
The man from the West looked at the little piece of paper that was given to him. His hand was steady when he began to read, but it shook a little by the time he had finished. The letter was very short:
Bob: I was at our appointment place on time – I was the policeman. When I saw your face it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago. Somehow, I couldn't arrest you. I couldn’t do it. So I went around and got a tall plain clothes policeman to do the job. JIMMY.
Abridged and adapted from the original version:
After Twenty Years, By O. Henry
http://www.literaturecollection.com/a/o_henry/44
New Vocabulary
Write your own sentences with the following words:
occur
occurring
occurred
occurrence
display
displayed
displayer
displaying
consist
consists
consistency
consisting
initial
initialed
inititialness
initially
commit
potential
item
deny
apparent
technique
emergence
deny
version
contrast
initial
precede
approach
consistently
individual
occur
occurring
occurred
occurrence
display
displayed
displayer
displaying
consist
consists
consistency
consisting
initial
initialed
inititialness
initially
commit
potential
item
deny
apparent
technique
emergence
deny
version
contrast
initial
precede
approach
consistently
individual
Classroom Assignment
Prepare for the test.
Explain meanings of the following words and prepare to write your own sentences with them:
to be in the centre of attention
eye contact
a bore
boring
boredom
to hurt smb’s feelings
agree with smb.
disagree
disagreement
research
researcher
researchable
weakness
weak
professional
professionally
professionalism
punctual
punctuality
exaggerate
exaggeration
considers
consideration
strangers
appreciated
appreciation
maintain
maintenance
selected
selection
selective
demonstrate
demonstration
demonstrative
accomplished
accomplish
accomplishment
considerably
consider
considerable
considerably
confide
confidence
confident
confidentiality
confidently
confidentially
confidential
strategy
strategic
strategist
strategically
deny
denial
deniable
deniability
item
items
itemized
itemizing
potential
potent
potentially
potentialling
consist
consists
consistent
consistently
approach
approached
approaches
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)